Cloze tests with chengyu
Cloze tests measure whether you can choose a chengyu (成语) that fits **logic**, **grammar slot**, **tone**, and **register**. Keep chengyu in Chinese with pinyin; all guidance is in English.
- Chengyu Idioms
- 4 min read
How Chengyu Cloze Items Usually Work
You see a blank inside a sentence or short passage. Four options include the correct chengyu and three distractors. Solve by matching:
- Connector logic (because/therefore, contrast, concession, sequence).
- Grammar slot (predicate, adverbial, modifier, headline).
- Tone & register (praise, critique, warning, method; formal vs casual).
- Polarity traps (e.g., 无可厚非 = acceptable; 差强人意 = barely acceptable).
Quick Decision Tree (fast route)
- Step 1: Circle connectors → 因此/所以 (cause→effect), 而/却/但 (contrast), 虽然…但是 (concession), 先…再/然后 (sequence).
- Step 2: Identify the slot → predicate (…很/相当 + [stative chengyu]), adverbial ([chengyu(+地)] + verb), modifier ([chengyu + 的] + noun).
- Step 3: Pick the function → praise/result (名副其实/水到渠成/一清二楚), method (循序渐进/稳扎稳打), critique (画蛇添足/纸上谈兵), warning (欲速则不达/居安思危).
- Step 4: Eliminate register/polarity mismatches (e.g., 炙手可热 used as simple praise → risky).
Common Distractor Patterns (know them)
- Near-synonyms different slots: 有条不紊 (predicate/modifier) vs 稳扎稳打 (adverbial manner).
- Opposite tones: praise (名副其实) vs critique (差强人意).
- Story-based but off-topic: 亡羊补牢 inside a prevention-before context (should be 未雨绸缪).
- Ambiguous pair traps: 无可厚非 (acceptable) vs 名副其实 (truly deserving).
Micro-Cloze (single sentence)
Set A (beginner-friendly)
-
因为我们提前备份,发布时( )。
Options: 水到渠成 (shuǐ dào qú chéng) / 画蛇添足 (huà shé tiān zú) / 风声鹤唳 (fēng shēng hè lì) / 闭门造车 (bì mén zào chē)
Key: 水到渠成 — cause→effect, positive result. -
虽然临时变动不少,流程仍( )。
Options: 有条不紊 (yǒu tiáo bù wěn) / 得过且过 (dé guò qiě guò) / 迫不及待 (pò bù jí dài) / 炙手可热 (zhì shǒu kě rè)
Key: 有条不紊 — concession + still orderly. -
这个标题点赞很多,但内容空泛,实在( )。
Options: 差强人意 (chà qiáng rén yì) / 名副其实 (míng fù qí shí) / 一清二楚 (yì qīng èr chǔ) / 锦上添花 (jǐn shàng tiān huā)
Key: 差强人意 — barely acceptable.
Set B (slot focus)
4) 选择作状语(adverbial):我们( )推进第二阶段。
Options: 稳扎稳打 (wěn zhā wěn dǎ) / 名副其实 / 一清二楚 / 居安思危
Key: 稳扎稳打 — manner adverbial.
-
选择作定语(modifier):一份( )的报告。
Options: 有条不紊 / 有条不紊的 / 有条不紊地 / 有条不紊得
Key: 有条不紊的 — 的 → noun modifier. -
选择作谓语(predicate):结果( ),大家放心了。
Options: 一清二楚 / 循序渐进的 / 稳扎稳打地 / 锦上添花
Key: 一清二楚 — predicate evaluation.
Mini-Passage Cloze (logic + tone)
Passage 1 (cause→effect + method)
新系统上线前,我们先做风控演练与试点,团队( ① )推进;由于准备充分,临门阶段( ② )。
Options for ①: 循序渐进 (xún xù jiàn jìn) / 差强人意
Options for ②: 水到渠成 (shuǐ dào qú chéng) / 纸上谈兵
Key: ① 循序渐进 — method; ② 水到渠成 — prepared → natural success.
Passage 2 (contrast + warning)
指标好看并不代表可以盲目扩张,( ③ )是必要的;我们要稳住节奏,避免( ④ )。
Options for ③: 居安思危 (jū ān sī wēi) / 春风得意
Options for ④: 欲速则不达 (yù sù zé bù dá) / 名副其实
Key: ③ 居安思危 — vigilance note; ④ 欲速则不达 — avoid rushing.
Passage 3 (concession + clarity)
虽然时间紧张,但流程一直( ⑤ ),最终的复盘结论( ⑥ )。
Options for ⑤: 有条不紊 (yǒu tiáo bù wěn) / 风声鹤唳
Options for ⑥: 一清二楚 (yì qīng èr chǔ) / 差强人意
Key: ⑤ 有条不紊 — concession fit; ⑥ 一清二楚 — clarity result.
Trap Clinic (polarity & register)
- 无可厚非 (wú kě hòu fēi): acceptable under constraints → not strong praise.
- 炙手可热 (zhì shǒu kě rè): very powerful/‘hot’; can carry critical shade → avoid as neutral ‘popular’.
- 闭门造车 (bì mén zào chē): negative (out of touch), not ‘independent innovation’.
Exam move: If the sentence is neutral-professional, prefer plain-positive items (一清二楚/名副其实/稳扎稳打) over hype/pejoratives.
Speed Tactics (timed cloze)
- Connector first, options last: scan 因此/然而 etc., then check only options that fit logic.
- Slot check in 2 seconds: look for 的/地/得 cues; stative predicates often need 是/很/相当 + [chengyu] or stand alone.
- Function shortlist: keep four buckets on your scratch paper: praise / critique / warning / method; place each option before reading the stem again.
- One idiom per idea: if two look plausible, pick the one that matches both slot and tone.
Mixed Drill (10 quick questions)
-
预算有限,( ),我们分三步实施。
Options: 循序渐进 / 炙手可热 / 邯郸学步 / 闭门造车
Key: 循序渐进. -
这些数据来源不明,流言( ),先别下结论。
Options: 空穴来风 / 名副其实 / 一清二楚 / 事半功倍
Key: 空穴来风(最好理解为“未必无因”并要求核实). -
我们不是要花哨效果,防止( )。
Options: 画蛇添足 / 锦上添花 / 春风得意 / 千里共婵娟
Key: 画蛇添足. -
评审一致通过,产品口碑( )。
Options: 名副其实 / 差强人意 / 居安思危 / 纸上谈兵
Key: 名副其实. -
尽管人手不足,推进仍( )。
Options: 有条不紊 / 迫不及待 / 炙手可热 / 得过且过
Key: 有条不紊. -
如果只讨论而不试验,就成了( )。
Options: 纸上谈兵 / 水到渠成 / 一清二楚 / 同舟共济
Key: 纸上谈兵. -
先做 PoC,再扩大,( )。
Options: 稳扎稳打 / 差强人意 / 闭门造车 / 炙手可热
Key: 稳扎稳打. -
这项成就并不( ),只是达标而已。
Options: 无可厚非 / 名副其实 / 事半功倍 / 春风得意
Key: 无可厚非(接受度而非高赞). -
不能照搬旧方案,避免( )。
Options: 按图索骥 / 一举两得 / 居安思危 / 名副其实
Key: 按图索骥.
Takeaway
In cloze tests, solve logic → slot → function → tone in that order. Know the high-frequency sets (循序渐进、稳扎稳打、名副其实、一清二楚、水到渠成、画蛇添足、纸上谈兵、未雨绸缪、居安思危) and guard against polarity traps (无可厚非 / 差强人意 / 炙手可热).